The Thoen Stone

A small sandstone slab found near Spearfish in 1887 claims to be a dying prospector's 1834 confession — and if genuine, it would push the first Black Hills gold discovery back 40 years before Custer's famous 1874 expedition.

📍 Spearfish, SD 📅 1887–Present 🏛️ Historic Marker ⚖️ Still Here

The Story

On March 14, 1887, brothers Louis and Ivan Thoen were gathering sandstone at the base of Lookout Mountain when Louis found an inscribed slab. The cursive inscription claims to be the last testament of prospector Ezra Kind, one of seven men who found gold in 1834 and were then killed by Native Americans — Kind the lone survivor. Its authenticity is genuinely unresolved: Louis Thoen was a trained stonemason (raising hoax suspicions), yet a 1950s investigation matched several names on the stone to real people who vanished heading west around 1830. The original is displayed at the Adams Museum in Deadwood; a replica and marker stand at the Spearfish discovery site.

Surprising Facts

→ If authentic, its claimed 1834 date would predate the official 1874 gold discovery by 40 years.

→ The man who found it was a trained stonemason — exactly the skill needed to fake it.

→ The original stone isn't in Spearfish — it's on display at the Adams Museum in Deadwood.

Frequently Asked Questions

Where is The Thoen Stone?
The Thoen Stone is at Thoen Stone Dr (Lookout Mountain), Spearfish, SD. Explore it on the When It Was interactive map.
How old is The Thoen Stone?
The Thoen Stone dates to 1887, making it more than 139 years old.
Can you still visit The Thoen Stone?
Yes — the site at Thoen Stone Dr (Lookout Mountain), Spearfish, SD still stands and remains in use today.

More Black Hills History

Sources

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thoen_Stone